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Daniel Brustlein
Daniel Brustlein (1904–1996) was an Alsatian-born American artist, cartoonist, illustrator, and author of children's books. He is best known for the cartoons and cover art he contributed to ''The New Yorker'' magazine under the pen name "Alain" from the 1930s through the 1950s.〔 The novelist John Updike once said his childhood discovery of Brustlein's cartoons helped to stimulate his desire to write for the magazine〔 and one of Brustlein's cartoons has been repeatedly cited for its skillful and witty self-reference. Although they have not received the same public acclaim as his humorous drawings, his paintings drew strong praise from influential critics such as Hilton Kramer, who said Brustlein's work had great refinement showing "beautiful control over the precise emotion he wants it to convey" and "complete command of color and form handled with a remarkable delicacy and discretion."〔〔 In October 1960 a painting of Brustlein's appeared on the cover of ARTnews and his reputation as a "painter's painter" appeared to be firmly established after he was the subject of an article in that magazine four years later.〔〔〔
==Early life==
Daniel Brustlein was born on September 11, 1904, in the Alsatian town of Mulhouse.〔〔 Although attached to Germany and known as Mülhausen during Brustlein's childhood, the town retained historic ties to France and, despite their unavoidable German citizenship, many of its citizens—Brustlein included—considered themselves to be French. He attended local schools approximately through age fourteen and, showing an early aptitude for drawing, published his first collection of cartoons—''Petite Histoire de la Guerre en Caricatures''—at the age of fifteen in 1919.〔〔〔 At about that time he began residence in Geneva and soon after enrolled as an art student in that city, first at the École des Arts & Métiers and then the École des Beaux Arts.〔 In 1924, at the urging of one of his teachers, Brustlein moved to Paris where he found work as an illustrator while continuing his art studies. Two years later some of his illustrations were included in the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes.〔 The exposition, a World's fair held in Paris from April to October 1925, introduced the Art Deco style.〔
In 1927 Brustlein moved to New York City on the advice of Jean Coquillot, a colleague and fellow student.〔 Having emigrated from Geneva in 1921, Coquillot had found work in New York as an illustrator, humorous cartoonist, and book cover designer.〔〔〔〔 In the 1930s he would become known for a cover he contributed to ''Mademoiselle'' magazine (1936) and illustrations he made for ''Heidi Grows Up'' (1938), the first of two sequels to the book ''Heidi''.〔〔 Through his friendship with Coquillot, Brustlein found work drawing illustrations and cartoons and within a few years he had become a regular contributor to ''The New Yorker'' magazine.〔
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